Finding the missing number in a given permutation is a common problem in programming, frequently encountered in coding interviews, competitive programming, and real-world applications. A permutation of N elements consists of numbers from 1 to N+1, but one number is missing. Our goal is to efficiently identify the missing element using Java.

In this Java tutorial, we will explore multiple approaches to solving this problem, including brute force, mathematical methods, and bitwise techniques. By the end of this tutorial, you will be equipped with multiple strategies to solve similar problems